Rifkin highlights three aspects of empathy:
(1) the activity of mirror neurons,
(2) soft-wiring of humans for cooperative and empathic traits, and (3) the expansion of the empathic circle from blood ties to nation-sates to (hopefully) the whole biosphere.
Idea (3) on the expanding circle is closely related to the evolution of ethnocentrism. Unfortunately, the Hammond & Axelrod model of ethnocentrism does not look promising for the idea of expanding our circles.